Zero-Knowledge Rollups vs Modular Execution: Decoupling the Monolith
The Breakdown of the Monolithic Blockchain
Traditional blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum were designed as monolithic systems where every node performs execution, consensus, data availability, and settlement. As transaction throughput scales, monolithic nodes face hardware bottlenecks, driving up gas fees.
The Modular Paradigm
Modular architectures decouple these layers: Layer 2 Rollups execute transactions off-chain, while Celestia and EigenDA provide scalable Data Availability Sampling (DAS).
Alexander Vance
Chief Technology Officer & Cryptographic Architect
Former Ethereum Foundation researcher and protocol architect specializing in zero-knowledge rollups, EVM internals, and MEV resistance mechanisms.
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